SINERGI
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi
<hr /><table class="data" width="100%" bgcolor="#f0f0f0"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Journal title</td><td width="80%"><strong>SINERGI</strong></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Initials</td><td width="80%"><strong>SINERGI</strong></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Online ISSN</td><td width="80%"><a href="http://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/1433903371" target="_blank"><strong>2460-1217</strong></a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Print ISSN</td><td width="80%"><a href="http://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/1180431470" target="_blank"><strong>1410-2331</strong></a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%"><span>Accreditation Status</span></td><td width="80%"><strong><a href="http://sinta.ristekbrin.go.id/journals/detail?id=5" target="_blank">Sinta 1 Accredited Journal</a>, Decree No: 79/E/KPT/2023</strong></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Frequency</td><td width="80%"><strong>3 issues per year (February, June, and October)</strong></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">DOI Journal</td><td width="80%"><a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.22441/sinergi"><strong>10.22441/sinergi</strong></a> by <img src="https://assets.crossref.org/logo/crossref-logo-landscape-200.svg" alt="Crossref logo" width="50" height="17" /></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Editor-in-chief</td><td width="80%"><strong><strong><a href="javascript:openRTWindow('https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/about/editorialTeamBio/2')">Prof. Dr. Andi Adriansyah</a>.</strong><br /></strong></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Publisher</td><td width="80%"><a href="http://ft.mercubuana.ac.id" target="_blank"><strong>Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mercu Buana</strong></a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Cite Analysis</td><td width="80%"><a href="https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?user=vVtTIPwAAAAJ" target="_blank"><strong>Google Scholar</strong></a>, <a href="http://sinta.ristekbrin.go.id/journals/detail?id=5"><strong>Sinta</strong></a></td></tr><tr valign="top"><td width="20%">Indexing</td><td width="80%"><a href="https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/21101158604" target=" blank"><strong>Scopus</strong></a>; <a href="https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?user=vVtTIPwAAAAJ" target="_blank"><strong>Google Scholar</strong></a>; <a href="http://garuda.ristekbrin.go.id/journal/view/7211" target="_blank"><strong>Garuda Ristekbrin</strong></a>, <a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2460-1217"><strong>DOAJ</strong></a>, <a href="https://www.base-search.net/Search/Results?lookfor=SINERGI&type=all&oaboost=1&ling=1&name=&newsearch=1&refid=dcbasen"><strong>BASE</strong></a>, and <a href="http://atoz.ebsco.com/Titles/SearchResults/8623?SearchType=Contains&Find=1410-2331&GetResourcesBy=QuickSearch&resourceTypeName=allTitles&resourceType=&radioButtonChanged="><strong>EBSCO</strong></a>.</td></tr></tbody></table><hr /><p><strong>SINERGI</strong> is a peer-reviewed international journal published three times a year in February, June, and October. The journal is published by Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana. Each publication contains articles comprising high quality theoretical and empirical original research papers, review papers, and literature reviews that are closely related to the fields of Engineering (Mechanical, Electrical, Industrial, Civil, Chemical and Architecture). The theme of the paper is focused on new industrial applications and energy development that synergize with global, green and sustainable technologies. The journal registered in the <a href="https://search.crossref.org/?q=SINERGI&publication=SINERGI">CrossRef</a> system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The journal has been indexed by <a href="https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/21101158604" target=" blank"> Scopus</a>, <a href="https://scholar.google.co.id/citations?user=vVtTIPwAAAAJ&hl=id">Google Scholar</a>, <a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2460-1217">DOAJ</a>, <a href="https://www.base-search.net/Search/Results?lookfor=SINERGI&type=all&oaboost=1&ling=1&name=&newsearch=1&refid=dcbasen">BASE</a>, and <a href="http://atoz.ebsco.com/Titles/SearchResults/8623?SearchType=Contains&Find=1410-2331&GetResourcesBy=QuickSearch&resourceTypeName=allTitles&resourceType=&radioButtonChanged=">EBSCO</a>.</p>Universitas Mercu Buanaen-USSINERGI14102331<p>The copyright to this article is transferred to <strong>Universitas Mercu Buana (UMB)</strong> if and when the article is accepted for publication. The undersigned hereby transfers any and all rights in and to the paper including without limitation all copyrights to<strong> </strong>UMB. The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required. The undersigned represents that he/she has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment. The Copyright Transfer Agreement (CTA) Form is able to download in <a title="CTA Form" href="https://bit.ly/SINERGICopyrigth2023" target="_blank">CTA Form</a> <br /><br /></p><p>We declare that:</p><p>1. This paper has not been published in the same form elsewhere.</p><p>2. It will not be submitted anywhere else for publication prior to acceptance/rejection by this Journal.</p><p>3. Copyright permission is obtained for materials published elsewhere and which require this permission for reproduction.<br /><br /></p><p>Furthermore, I/We hereby transfer the unlimited rights of publication of the above-mentioned paper in whole to UMB. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.</p><p>The corresponding author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors. This agreement is to be signed by at least one of the authors who have obtained the assent of the co-author(s) where applicable. After submission of this agreement signed by the corresponding author, changes of authorship or in the order of the authors listed will not be accepted.</p><p><strong>Retained Rights/Terms and Conditions</strong></p><p>1. As an author you (or your employer or institution) may do the following:</p><ul><li>make copies (print or electronic) of the article for your own personal use, including for your own classroom teaching use;</li><li>make copies and distribute such copies (including through e-mail) of the article to research colleagues, for personal use by such colleagues (but not commercially or systematically, e.g. via an e-mail list or list server);</li><li>present the article at a meeting or conference and distribute copies of the article to the delegates attending such meeting;</li><li>for your employer, if the article is a 'work for hire', made within the scope of your employment, your employer may use all or part of the information in the article for other intra-company use (e.g. training);</li><li>retain patent and trademark rights and rights to any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in the article;</li><li>include the article in full or in part in a thesis or dissertation (provided that this is not to be published commercially);</li><li>use the article or any part thereof in a printed compilation of your works, such as collected writings or lecture notes (subsequent to publication of the article in the journal); and prepare other derivative works, to extend the article into book-length Form, or to otherwise reuse portions or excerpts in other works, with full acknowledgement of its original publication in the journal;</li><li>may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the article, material extracted from the article, or derivative works for the Author's personal use or for company use, provided that the source and the copyright notice are indicated, the copies are not used in any way that implies UMB endorsement of a product or service of any employer, and the copies themselves are not offered for sale.</li></ul><p>All copies, print or electronic, or other use of the paper or article must include the appropriate bibliographic citation for the article's publication in the journal.</p><p> </p><p>2. Requests from third parties</p><p>Although authors are permitted to reuse all or portions of the article in other works, this does not include granting third-party requests for reprinting, republishing, or other types of reuse. Requests for all uses not included above, including the authorization of third parties to reproduce or otherwise use all or part of the article (including figures and tables), should be referred to UMB by going to our website at https://puslit.mercubuana.ac.id/</p><p> </p><p>3. Author Online Use</p><ul><li>Personal Servers. Authors and/or their employers shall have the right to post the accepted version of articles pre-print version of the article, or revised personal version of the final text of the article (to reflect changes made in the peer review and editing process) on their own personal servers or the servers of their institutions or employers without permission from UMB, provided that the posted version includes a prominently displayed UMB copyright notice and, when published, a full citation to the original publication, including a link to the article abstract in the journal homepage. Authors shall not post the final, published versions of their papers;</li><li>Classroom or Internal Training Use. An author is expressly permitted to post any portion of the accepted version of his/her own articles on the Author's personal website or the servers of the Author's institution or company in connection with the Author's teaching, training, or work responsibilities, provided that the appropriate copyright, credit, and reuse notices appear prominently with the posted material. Examples of permitted uses are lecture materials, course packs, e-reserves, conference presentations, or in-house training courses;</li><li>Electronic Preprints. Before submitting an article to a SINERGI, authors frequently post their manuscripts to their own website, employer's site, or another server inviting constructive colleague comments. Upon submission of an article to SINERGI, an author is required to transfer copyright in the article to UMB, and the Author must update any previously posted version of the article with a prominently displayed UMB copyright notice. Upon publication of an article by the UMB, the Author must replace any previously posted electronic versions of the article with either (1) the complete citation to the work with a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) or a link to the article abstract in SINERGI journal homepage, or (2) the accepted version only (not the final, published version), including the UMB copyright notice and full citation, with a link to the final, published article in journal homepage.</li></ul><p> </p><p>4. Articles in Press (AiP) service</p><p>UMB may choose to publish an abstract or portions of the paper before we publish it in the journal. However, be sure to contact our Production department immediately if you do not want us to make any such prior publication for any reason, including disclosure of a patentable invention.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>5. Author/Employer Rights</p><p>If you are employed and prepared the article on a subject within the scope of your employment, the copyright in the article belongs to your employer as a work-for-hire. In that case, UMB assumes that when you sign this Form, you are authorized to do so by your employer and that your employer has consented to the transfer of copyright, to the representation and warranty of publication rights, and all other terms and conditions of this Form. If such authorization and consent have not been given to you, an authorized representative of your employer should sign this Form as the Author.</p><p> </p><p>6. UMB Copyright Ownership</p><p>It is the formal policy of UMB to own the copyrights to all copyrightable material in its technical publications and to the individual contributions contained therein to protect the interests of the UMB, its authors and their employers, and, at the same time, to facilitate the appropriate reuse of this material by others. UMB distributes its technical publications worldwide by various means, such as hard copy, microfiche, microfilm, and electronic media. It also abstracts and may translate its publications and articles contained therein for inclusion in various compendiums, collective works, databases and similar publications.</p><p> </p><div class="separator"> </div>Front Matter
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/25311
Andi Adriansyah
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
2024-01-202024-01-20281Modelling and analysis of rooftop PV as an energy optimization of flat roof and gable roof mounting system
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/19776
<p><em>Photovoltaic (PV) systems are designed for both communal and self-installation. PV systems are intended for both communal and standalone installations. Installation is required not only in industry and commerce, but also in the growth of energy potential at Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani. The focus of this research is rooftop PV modelling and analysis at Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani. Because the ground mounting system could not be done due to limited land, a rooftop solar power-producing system was created. Data gathering is done as part of unique research that takes into account numerous technological criteria for efficiency. System analysis conducted by modelling and simulation, which will make use of a variety of tools linked to this PV system. Data was gathered from similar studies while accounting for numerous technological variables such as modelling and efficiency. K2Base s</em><em>ystem </em><em>was used to model flat roofs with concrete roof types and gable roofs with tile roof types. The mounting type, wind load, truss load, and ballast were all taken into account in the design. This article also calculates PV panel configurations and component capacities. There are many different panels that can be constructed from each model. With a maximum roof area of 837.52 m<sup>2</sup>, 33 to 350 PV panels may be used. The number of inverters is changed to provide outputs of 10 kW, 25 kW, and 50 kW based on the calculations' findings. With differences in autonomous days, the number of batteries obtained has an average of more than 200 batteries.</em></p>Handoko Rusiana IskandarEen TaryanaYuda Bakti Zainal
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-092023-12-0928111210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.001Determination of flood vulnerability level based on different numbers of indicators using AHP-GIS
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/20048
<p><em>approaches to a flood management strategy. One of the most important steps is identifying flood-vulnerable areas. A flood vulnerability assessment is necessary to identify the areas. Currently, research on flood vulnerability assessment uses different indicators to determine the flood vulnerability level. However, it is unknown how the number of indicators used to assess flood vulnerability affects the results. This research aimed to determine the effect of the number of indicators used in estimating flood vulnerability using the AHP-GIS method on the resulting flood vulnerability level. Therefore, this research analyzed the weight of each indicator for five scenarios using the AHP method. This step is continued using GIS to create an overlay map to calculate each scenario's flood hazard index.</em> <em>The indicators used to determine the flood vulnerability index include elevation, slope, flow accumulation, drainage distance, land use, soil type, and annual rainfall intensity. The results showed that the reduction of indicators from seven to six caused the areas with moderate and very high levels of flood vulnerability to increase, while those with high levels decreased. Meanwhile, the reduction from six to five indicators caused the areas with low and moderate vulnerability to reduce, while those with high and very high levels increased. It was also discovered that when the indicators were changed from five to four, the areas with moderate and high vulnerability increased while those with very high levels decreased.</em></p>I Gusti Agung Putu EryaniMade Widya JayantariSuzana Ramli
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
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2023-12-092023-12-09281132210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.002Effect of mixing procedure and steam curing on the properties of Class C fly ash-cement based Geopolymer
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/20210
<p><em>This work investigated the performance of class C fly ash-cement- based geopolymer paste with different mixing procedures and under steam curing. The geopolymer paste containing class C fly ash was mixed with cement up to 20% at 10% increments. The alkaline activator was prepared 24 hours before mixing by blending Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> and NaOH 14 M with a ratio of 2:1. Two methods of mixing procedure were used in this study to mix the geopolymer pastes. Steam curing at 90 ± 5 </em><em><sup>°</sup></em><em>C for six hours was applied. Setting time, compressive strength and strength activity index were used in this research for performance analysis. According to the results, the setting time of geopolymer paste containing 100% C type flash ash is delayed by the use of method 2 in the mixing process. While, adding cement content speeds up both the initial and final setting times of fresh geopolymer pastes. Additional water at the early stage in the mixing process (method 2) generated excellent polymerization at longer curing periods. In contrast, the potentially agglomeration of fly ash and cement in the polymer matrix was observed after applying method 1, which is the reason for the lower strength of geopolymer paste. The strength activity index (SAI) of geopolymer paste containing cement increased at early curing periods for all mixing methods. The early-stage benefits of steam curing are achieved in geopolymer pastes containing 0% cement when mixed using techniques 1 and 2. </em></p>Romy Suryaningrat EdwinSulha SulhaFitriah MasudWayan Mustika
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-092023-12-09281233010.22441/sinergi.2024.1.003Effective and efficient approach in IoT Botnet detection
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/20462
<em>Internet of Things (IoT) technology presents an advantage to daily life, but this advantage is not a guarantee of security. This is because cyber-attacks, such as botnets, remain a threat to the user. Detection systems are one of the alternatives to maintain the security of IoT network. A reliable detection system should effectively detect botnets with high accuracy levels and low positive rate. It should be efficient to perform detection quickly. However, data generated by IoT networks have high dimensions and high scalability, so they need to be minimized. In network security analysis process, high-dimension data pose challenges, such as the dimension curse correlation between different dimensions, which causes features that are hard to define, datasets that are mostly unordered, cluster combination, and exponential growth. In this study, we applied feature reduction using the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) method to minimize features on the IoT network to detect botnet. The reduction process is carried out on the N-BaIoT dataset which has 115 features reduced to 2 features. Performing feature reduction with detection systems has become more effective and efficient. Experimental result showed that the application of LDA combined with machine learning on the classification Decision Tree method was able to detect with accuracy that reached 100% in 98.58s with only two features.</em>Susanto SusantoDeris StiawanM. Agus Syamsul ArifinMohd. Yazid IdrisRahmat Budiarto
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
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2023-12-092023-12-09281314210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.004The traditional village as a part of a cultural landscape: the development of cultural agriculture tourism in Catur, Bali
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/20537
<p><em>The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of the agriculture sector, which has been abandoned by some people, most notably in certain cultural tourism zones of Bali. Balinese culture, which is inextricably linked to agricultural operations and in which agrarian culture adds its aspects to the community's everyday cultural activities, has enormous potential for future tourism expansion. However, certain resort zones in Bali have abandoned the agricultural sector, threatening food and culture. This occurrence has prompted concerns about whether the tourism economy's agriculture practices can continue to serve their roles. Could agriculture meet Balinese cultural and home needs in this tourism-based economy? In this case, the Balinese engage in agricultural undertakings and offer their agricultural produce to their ancestors and God. Conversely, people worship God by praying for a bountiful harvest with farm products. However, as a community, this agricultural activity has begun to decline, which is expected to limit future efforts to conserve the culture. Through field study and descriptive analysis, this paper seeks to investigate various agricultural and cultural potentials in a rural cultural environment as a tourist attraction while conserving agrarian culture to save the local culture. By juxtaposing agricultural, cultural, and tourism activities in a balanced manner, local communities will benefit not only economically, but also in efforts to preserve local culture.</em><em></em></p>I Dewa Gede Agung Diasna PutraI Made Adhika
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-092023-12-09281435410.22441/sinergi.2024.1.005Early detection of diabetes potential using cataract image processing approach
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/20716
<em>Diabetes is a disease characterized by a high level of sugar in the blood. The disease occurs because of a disruption in the metabolic system when insulin is not produced effectively and functions properly. High blood sugar levels, for an extended period of time, can harm a few organ systems, including the heart and kidneys. Moreover, it may cause blindness or death if it is not carefully monitored. Because diabetes symptoms are rarely seen, one of the factors that may cause diabetes is self-awareness. Thus, with Artificial Intelligence, this problem can be solved. Artificial intelligence studies how machines can function like humans. This study implemented a Convolutional Neural Network algorithm with (1) input layer, (2) feature learning layer, (3) classification layer, and (4) output layer as the architecture for AI. The accuracy of the developed AI model was measured from its precision, recall, and f1-score. The results show that the model obtained 90% precision, recall, and f1-score for real-world cases found in two hospitals located in Solo and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. According to the results of the tests, 9 out of 10 patients were correctly predicted as having a high risk of diabetes based on their eye images.</em>Moh. KhairudinRendy MahaputraWiharto WihartoYasmin MufidahLeo Anang Miftahul HudaRafif Apta ReswaraAdelia Putri Nur AhniGita Juli Hartanti
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-152023-12-15281556210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.006Closed-loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – cycling rehabilitation with phase control Fuzzy Logic for fatigue reduction control strategies for stroke patients
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21231
<p><em>Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) cycling, or FES-Cycling, holds great therapeutic potential for individuals with paralysis, such as those with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury, or stroke, aiming to restore mobility. However, the nonlinear nature of the musculoskeletal system poses a significant challenge in controlling FES-Cycling. To address this, an integrated closed-loop phase angle fuzzy-based system was developed. This system offers real-time control by adjusting stimulation intensity (pulse width) within the range of 50 to 200μs while maintaining a constant frequency of 35Hz, thereby ensuring precise pedaling trajectory and cadence patterns. An experimental study involved three healthy individuals (Cases A, B, and C) and one individual with hemiplegia stroke (Case D). Results showed that the proposed system consistently reduced average angle trajectory errors for Cases A, B, and C, with values of 2.6945, 3.2958, and 2.9922 degrees, respectively. Case D, affected by hemiplegia stroke, faced greater challenges and exhibited a higher error of 3.4562 degrees. Fatigue resistance, evaluated through fatigue indices, showed promising results for Cases A, B, and C with values of 0.10778, 0.06866, and 0.04603, respectively. However, Case D experienced higher fatigue (0.2304) due to the unique challenges of hemiplegia stroke. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the proposed control system in optimizing FES-Cycling, particularly for healthy individuals. For individuals with paralysis, like Case D, further research is needed to adapt the system to their specific conditions and cycling patterns. This system holds the potential for enhancing FES-Cycling as a therapeutic strategy and warrants additional investigation and customization for different patient populations. </em></p>Mohd Khairul Ikhwan AhmadAbu Ubaidah ShamsudinZubair Adil SoomroRuzairi Abdul RahimBabul Salam KSM Kader IbrahimMohammad Saiful Huq
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-152023-12-15281637410.22441/sinergi.2024.1.007Machining performance of ceramic tool inserts during dry turning of hardened steel
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21243
<p><em>For effective dry turning of hardened steels, ceramic tool materials have long been utilized as an alternative to conventional tool materials. Therefore, the purpose of the current work is to investigate whether ceramic materials like alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) are suitable for use as tool materials during the dry (without coolant) turning of hardened steels. In addition, while cutting EN 24 hardened steels, the performance of an alumina ceramic tool insert was compared to a commercial tool insert in the current work. On EN 24 steel samples, turning operations were performed utilizing both alumina ceramic tool inserts and commercial carbide tool inserts at different machining parameters such as speed, feed, and depth of cut. The turning performance of both alumina and commercial tool inserts was evaluated at various machining conditions based on abrasive wear (weight loss) of the tool inserts and the surface roughness of EN 24 machined samples. At all machining parameters, it was found that the abrasive wear of ceramic tool inserts was lower than the abrasive wear of commercial tool inserts. It is observed that, the surface roughness of EN 24 machined samples when machined with ceramic tool inserts was a little higher when compared with the surface roughness values of EN 24 machined samples which are machined with the commercial tool insert. The results of the experiment showed that ceramic cutting tools had comparable cutting performance to commercial cutting tools. </em></p>K. I. Vishnu VandanaP. Siva Nagasree
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-152023-12-15281758210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.008Visual communication in public space through mural art in Makassar, Indonesia
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21250
<p><em>Mural art serves as a powerful means of visual communication, allowing artists to convey messages, narratives, and ideas through visual elements. Murals often address social, political, cultural, or environmental issues, expressing viewpoints and sparking conversations within the community. This study aims to examine the role and meaning of visual communication in mural art in Makassar City. The object of observation is divided into two, namely mural art that is appropriate in its place and mural art that is not in its place, such as the walls of inhabited houses, shop fences, and public facilities. Through the case study research method conducted in the city of Makassar, the data collected through the observation and interview stages were then analyzed descriptively. The results show that mural art is an alternative form of conveying messages through aesthetic and ethical values. Due to its significant role in arousing one's feelings, the Makassar city government has made mural art an indicator of improving the quality of the city's environment through the Lorong Wisata program. As part of the "Lorong Wisata" program, mural art can be commissioned or encouraged to enhance the visual appeal of the designated lanes. Murals can transform plain walls into vibrant and visually captivating artworks, adding color and character to the surroundings. Mural installations can serve as focal points and landmarks within the tourism lanes, attracting visitors and providing unique photo opportunities. </em><em></em></p>Wasilah SahabuddinAndi Hildayanti
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-152023-12-15281839210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.009Design of supply chain risk mitigation system using house of risk and Fuzzy AHP methods in precast concrete
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21317
<p><em>Today's global supply chain has many risk factors. These risks include supply disruptions, supply delays, demand fluctuations, price fluctuations, and exchange rate fluctuations. Risks that arise and cannot be mitigated properly in the supply chain can disrupt the company's business processes in various sectors. Companies in the construction sector when working on construction projects face many risks during the project cycle, especially risks in the supply chain process. Partial risk management, namely only on construction projects and not specifically on the supply chain process, causes potential risks in the supply chain process not to be identified in detail, and mitigation strategies cannot be determined effectively for risks in the supply chain. This research was conducted to identify risks and determine appropriate mitigation strategies using the house of risk as a framework and a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process weighting method to select the best mitigation strategy. The research results showed that there were 26 risk events and 21 risk agents identified, and the 5 best mitigation strategies were chosen from the 10 formulated strategies for a mitigation monitoring system. Based on research results, the best risk mitigation strategy can be used as a reference for risk mitigation actions in the company's supply chain as outlined in the form of a dashboard monitoring system.</em><em></em></p>Made Arya Teguh DvaipayanaIphov Kumala SriwanaYudha Prambudia
Copyright (c) 2024 SINERGI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
2023-12-202023-12-202819310210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.010Combination of lean thinking and A3 problem-solving methods to reduce the cost of purchasing cleaning agents in a paint manufacturer in Indonesia
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21371
<p><em>One of the manufacturing industries for making solvent-based and water-based paints is located in the Cikarang area, West Java. This paint company is experiencing an increase in production due to a large number of requests for various products. The company's level of cleanliness in maintaining quality and reducing waste of operational costs is the key to the company's success in becoming an international standard company. Every year the company incurs the cost of purchasing a cleaning agent imported from Norway because it is a basic requirement in material inventory to meet customer satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to reduce the wasted costs of purchasing cleaning agents originating from imports, maintaining 5S conditions, and fulfilling customer satisfaction. The method used in this study is a combination of the lean thinking method and the most effective A3 problem-solving method which can help create consistent, clear, and structured problem-solving documentation. This research found that there is a very large cost to buy a cleaning agent in 2021 of IDR 114,331,430 which must be spent by companies in using cleaning agents. The results of this study found that there was a reduction in the cost of purchasing a cleaning agent in 2022 to IDR 4,897,900. Therefore this paint company gets operational cost savings in purchasing cleaning agent materials of 97.71%. </em></p>Hibarkah KurniaKrisna Budi JuliantoroSuhendra SuhendraAhmad Turmudi ZyApriyani Apriyani
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2023-12-202023-12-2028110311410.22441/sinergi.2024.1.011Strength and durability properties of concrete made with recycled coarse aggregate and seashore sand
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21416
<p><em>The process of depletion of sources of natural aggregates poses challenges to produce technically and environmentally suitable concrete. Aggregate compositions found in construction and demolition (C&D) waste offer potential alternatives to natural coarse aggregates. Additionally, the utilization of abundantly available natural material like seashore sand, as a replacement for river sand, can present a viable solution to this problem. This research paper investigates the performance of concrete that incorporates 40% recycled coarse aggregates, along with varying percentages of seashore sand as replacements for river sand (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 100%). The evaluation focuses on strength properties, including compressive strength tests on cylinders and impact resistance tests, as well as durability properties such as water penetration tests under pressure and sulphate attack tests. The experimental results indicate that concrete incorporating both recycled coarse aggregates and seashore sand replacements yields favorable outcomes in terms of strength and durability when compared to the controlled concrete, particularly at suitable replacement proportions. </em></p>D. KalaimaniG. Srinivasan
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2023-12-202023-12-2028111512810.22441/sinergi.2024.1.012Identifying weaknesses and strengths of existing I4.0 Readiness Indices to enhance INDI 4.0
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21578
<p class="TableParagraph"><em>Indonesia has low Industry 4.0 (I4.0) readiness in ASEAN and has the INDI 4.0 Instrument (Indonesia Industry 4.0 Readiness Index), which is less comprehensive and accurate. An Initial survey confirmed that only 56.86% of respondents agreed that INDI 4.0 accurately measures readiness in the manufacturing industry. Unlike primary I4.0 indices, INDI 4.0 lacks comprehensive Industry 4.0 dimensions and characteristics, as many literature and other indices cover. This study aims to identify weaknesses and strengths of major I4.0 indices by comparing them to enhance INDI 4.0. This paper identified gaps in existing major I4.0 indices by scoping review method. However, each index contributes to increasing practicality, fulfilling latent needs, and expanding complementary perspectives in measuring readiness and adoption of I4.0 based on studies, viewpoints, uniqueness, and views of each. This study offered a more comprehensive perspective, especially from developing countries like Indonesia, with industries struggling to adopt I4.0 to fill loopholes in existing major indices that are generally from developed countries, so most companies in their study have advanced or implemented I4.0 and are too focused and too oriented on technology. The findings from this paper are expected to contribute to industry, practitioners, and academicians in increasing accuracy when measuring readiness toward adopting I4.0.</em></p>Hasbullah HasbullahSalleh Ahmad Bareduan
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2023-12-212023-12-2128112914010.22441/sinergi.2024.1.013Resonance analysis of fan blade design using Finite Element Method
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/21835
<p><em>Fan motors move liquids, such as air, in the gas phase from one place to another. The frequency of the fan blades, which are the main components of the fan motor, can vary. It is crucial to know the frequencies of each fan blade to avoid design failures caused by resonance. This research analyzes the effect of differences in the angle and number of blades on the natural frequency of the fan to avoid resonance with the motor rotation frequency. Modeling and simulation using the finite element method in the Solidworks application are used to determine the natural frequencies of the fan. Fans come in various configurations, with blades ranging from two to four, and blade pitch can be 25°, 30°, or 40°. Variations in the number of fan blades and changes in blade pitch show that the low mode shape does not affect the natural frequency, while the high mode has a negligible effect. The natural frequency of fan blades 2, 3, and 4 exhibits variations when operated with motors running at 25, 35, or 50 Hz. The findings imply that the fan blades' inherent frequency does not align closely with the motor rotational frequency, indicating that the design is safe. </em><em></em></p>Dedik RomahadiRikko Putra YouliaHimawan S. WibisonoMuhammad Imran
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2023-12-312023-12-3128114115210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.014Enhancing Indonesian customer complaint analysis: LDA topic modelling with BERT embeddings
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/22315
<p><em>Social media data can be mining for recommended systems to know the best trends or patterns. The customers have the freedom to ask questions about the product, tell their demands, and convey their complaints through social media. By mining social media data, companies can gain valuable insights into customer preferences, opinions, and sentiments. This information can be utilized to improve products and services, tailor marketing strategies, and enhance overall customer satisfaction. Topic modelling is a text mining technique that extracts the content from the raw and unlabelled data. Latent Dirichlet Allocation is popular for topic modelling research cause flexible and adaptive. But that method has issues with sparsity, performs poorly when documented in the short text and there is no correlation between topics that are actually important in text data. BERT is Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer is designed to pre-train deep bidirectional representations from unlabelled text. The result of this research proves that Latent Dirichlet Allocation and BERT can be arranged on the topic of Indonesian customer complaints. BERT-Base Multilingual Cased and LDA have the highest coherence score. The combination of BERT-Base Multilingual Uncased and LDA has the highest silhouette score. BERT Multilingual are potential for improving the LDA method for Indonesian customer complaints topic modelling.</em><em></em></p>Mutiara Auliya KhadijaWahyu Nurharjadmo
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2023-12-212023-12-2128115316210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.015Developing adjustable stiffness for smart material of magnetorheological elastomer to diminish vibration
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/22352
<p><em>Many vibration isolators, such as passive vehicle mounting devices, have an inflexible stiffness. This article presents the development of a smart material vibration isolator based on magnetorheological elastomer (MRE), which has adjustable stiffness to minimize unwanted vibrations. The objective of this research is to first create a design for the vibration isolator, and then simulate a magnetic circuit. The Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) software was employed to simulate the effectiveness of the electromagnetic circuit in generating a magnetic field through the vibration isolator by employing MRE samples. Pure iron was chosen as the material for the housing of the vibration isolator test rig. To attain an optimal magnetic field, an inventive design of the magnetic circuit, including examination of the wire type, size, and coil turn number, along with the housing material of the test rig, was performed. The study analyzed the performance of the MRE vibration isolator concerning different current inputs in the coil. The results indicate that the stiffness value of the MRE-based isolator system can be more effectively modified by increasing the current inputs. Therefore, a larger current input leads to a greater change in stiffness.</em><em></em></p>Gigih PriyandokoPurbo SuwandonoMuhammad Ilman Nur SasongkoUbaidillah UbaidillahSigit Tri Wicaksono
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2023-12-312023-12-3128116316810.22441/sinergi.2024.1.016Performance analysis of ship mounting PV panels deployed in Sungsang Estuary and Bangka Strait, Indonesia
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/22615
<p><em>In an archipelago country like Indonesia, maritime transportation is essential. However, the ships, like other modes of transportation, burn fuel, contributing to CO2 emissions and negatively impacting marine life. Alternative renewable energy can help solve this problem while being environmentally friendly and cost-effective. As a result, this research describes installing PV systems to power electronic loads on a pilot ship. The supply-demand scenario was simulated using the System Advisory Model. The experiment lasted 176 days, 32 of which were still hybrid with a diesel generator, and for 144 days, electronics loads were entirely powered by PV systems. The experimental results show that the generated power consistently exceeds what is necessary. MPPT may also control the battery charging to avoid overcharging by ensuring the voltage input is always consistent. The maximum generated power is 2356 W with a peak load of 1669 W, and the average generated power is 1645 W with a load of 720.6 W. According to SIMAPRO's life cycle study results, the most significant environmental impact comes during installation due to using diesel fuel trucks and when the PV system is no longer operational since it will become a landfill, harming the ecosystem. PV systems, on the other hand, have no environmental impact during installation. Economic estimates show significant savings and, of course, profits. </em><em></em></p>Afiz ZullahTresna DewiRusdianasari Rusdianasari
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2023-12-312023-12-3128116918210.22441/sinergi.2024.1.017The usage of marginal aggregate as subbase layer
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/22779
<p><em>Aggregate holds the main role in determining the quality of pavement layers. Unfortunately, the locally available aggregates sometimes did not pass one or more requirements stated in the standard, making these aggregates technically unable to be used. These aggregates are called marginal or substandard aggregates. However, previous research projects have shown the potential of utilizing marginal aggregates as pavement layers. This research aims to analyst the techniques for utilizing marginal aggregates as pavement layers, specifically as subbases. Two techniques were evaluated herein, namely by varying the aggregate gradation and by adding cement and lime as stabilizers, and the specimens were assessed by the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test. The research results found that varying the percentage of coarse and fine aggregates in the specimens improved the CBR value. The specimen obtained the highest CBR value with 70% coarse aggregate and 30% fine aggregate. Moreover, it was found that adding cement and lime as stabilizers at the right percentage was also able to improve the CBR value of the specimens and mixing the stabilizers beyond a certain percentage decreases the CBR value. The amount of cement and lime needed depended on the aggregate gradation used. </em><em></em></p><p><em> </em><em></em></p><p><em> </em><em></em></p>Adelia Dwidarma NataadmadjaEduardi PraharaAndreas Bennardi
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2023-12-312023-12-3128118319010.22441/sinergi.2024.1.018Design of water level detection monitoring system using fusion sensor based on Internet of Things (IoT)
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/23007
<p><em>River flooding is a condition when the water in a river overflows and exceeds its normal capacity, thereby flooding the surrounding area. This flood disaster has been a known problem for a long time and causes great damage in the affected areas. Flood events in</em><em></em></p><p><em>Rivers are influenced by many factors, such as climate change, rapid urbanization, inappropriate land use, ineffective water management patterns, as well as uncontrolled addition of hard soil surfaces. Flood conditions in rivers involve complex processes and are influenced by various factors components, such as rainfall, water flow, topography, vegetation, and many other factors. Therefore, this research is very urgent because it can help reduce the negative impacts of flooding, increase public safety, become a basis for decision making, save costs and resources and make a positive contribution to technological development. This study aims to create a prototype of a flood early warning system. The system is based on a wireless sensor network whose interconnections are connected by a star topology. Every node is a combination of several sensors (sensor fusion) that are related to detecting floods, such as: height sensors, water flow speed sensors and rainfall intensity sensors. Design of hardware (hardware) and software (software) will be done. A classification mechanism based on Fuzzy Logic will be used to estimate flood conditions based on existing data. Flood estimation will determine the time and distance of flood events that will occur. Several experiments in the laboratory will be carried out to determine the performance of the designed system.</em><em></em></p>Andi AdriansyahMuhammad Hanif BudiutomoHeri HermawanReni Ika AndrianiRama SulistyawanAbu Ubaidah Shamsudin
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2023-12-312023-12-3128119119810.22441/sinergi.2024.1.019Workability and durability analysis of waste based geopolymer concrete
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/23009
<p><em>GPC as a promising material, started gaining momentous attention from the researchers and construction specialists because of its advantages in using by-products from agriculture and industries to replace cement thereby reducing greenhouse gas emission. Workability and durability tests were carried out, so as ascertain the efficiency of the rice husk ash and rice husk as sodium silicate and super plasticizer, for solving efflorescence problem known with geopolymer concrete. The factory-made sodium silicate was also used and compared with laboratory-produced, before addition of other geopolymer binders such as kaolin clay and fly ash. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) scrutiny that delivers quantitative data on the specific surface area as well as porosity dispersal of solid materials revealed that correlation coefficient of RHA (0.994) was higher than that of cement (0.991). Besides, RHA has higher surface area (250.023 m<sup>3</sup>/g) than the cement utilized which stood at 211.49 m<sup>3</sup>/g. Though the c constant of cement exceeds the RHA values, RHA can serve as good pozzolanic material and cement substitute. It is seen that the workability of laboratory-produced sodium silicate and superplasticizer geopolymer concrete was enhanced significantly compared to that of prior geopolymer systems. It is observed that the workability of the geopolymer concrete was considerably enhanced compared to that of orthodox geopolymeric systems, especially at 2.5% rice-husk created superplasticizer and higher content of laboratory-produced sodium silicate.</em><em></em></p>Lucia Omolayo AgashuaChinwuba ArumBamitale Dorcas Oluyemi- AyibiowuCatherine Mayowa Ikumapayi
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2023-12-312023-12-3128119920810.22441/sinergi.2024.1.020Back Matter
https://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/sinergi/article/view/25312
Andi Adriansyah
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2024-01-202024-01-20281