PEMBUATAN PARTIKEL SELULOSA MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN ALKALIN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/jtm.v6i1.1337Abstract
Selulosa adalah biopolimer terbanyak jumlahnya di alam dan memiliki arti yang sangat penting untuk industri serat dan kertas. Partikel selulosa dicirikan memiliki tingkat kekristalan yang tinggi dan mempunyai ukuran dari beberapa ratus nanometer (nm) sampai 100 mikrometer (μm). Partikel selulosa ini banyak digunakan dalam bentuk murninya sebagai filler pada industri makanan untuk menambah konsistensi dan tekstur makanan. Tujuan utama penelitian ini dapat dibagi menjadi dua. Pertama adalah untuk mempelajari pembuatan larutan selulosa dengan menggunakan larutan selulosa-sodium hidroksida. Kedua, mempelajari proses pembuatan partikel nano dengan metode sol-gel dengan menggunakan larutan selulosa-sodium hidroksida yang dipersiapkan sebelumnya. Bahan kimia yang dipakai untuk pembuatan larutan garam adalah Sodium hidroksida (NaOH), sodium klorida (NaCl), sodium sulfat (NaSO4), seng klorida (ZnCl), seng sulfat (ZnSO4), amonium klorida (NH4Cl), amonium sulfat ((NH4)2SO4). Pertama menentukan tingkat kelarutan pulp, pembuatan larutan basa-selulosa, proses ultrasonication dan dialysis, analisis SEM dan Flow Cytometry. Hasil eksperimen didapatkan enzyme-treated pulp menghasilkan tingkat kelarutan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan untreated pulp,ukuran partikel selulosa terkecil dihasilkan dari proses koagulasi di larutan NaCl yaitu sekitar 300 nm, dan perlakuan ultrasonication cukup efektif untuk menghasilkan ukuran dan jumlah partikel berukuran nanometer. Metode ini bisa menjadi metode alternatif yang ramah lingkungan untuk menghasilkan produk selulosa. Proses koagulasi yang diikuti dengan perlakuan ultrasonication menghasilkan ukuran rata-rata partikel 200 nm dan jumlah rata-rata partikel sekitar 25,000.Downloads
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