POLUSI VISUAL DAN DEGRADASI CITRA KOTA: ANALISIS IMAGIBILITAS KORIDOR JALAN JENDERAL SUDIRMAN KUANINO, KOTA KUPANG
Keywords:
polusi visual, imagibilitas, kevin lynch, kupangAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji degradasi kualitas visual koridor Jalan Jenderal Sudirman Kuanino, Kota Kupang, akibat polusi visual kumulatif dari dominasi billboard komersial dan jaringan kabel utilitas udara yang tidak tertata. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus dan menerapkan kerangka Image of the City Kevin Lynch sebagai lensa interpretatif untuk menganalisis dampak polusi visual terhadap paths, edges, districts, nodes, dan landmarks. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, dokumentasi fotografi pada lima titik strategis, pemetaan spasial, dan wawancara mendalam dengan 15 informan yang mewakili pengguna jalan, pelaku usaha, dan pemangku kebijakan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Analisis Tematik Braun dan Clarke untuk mengidentifikasi tema-tema empiris sebelum ditafsirkan secara teoretik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akumulasi billboard dan kabel utilitas udara menciptakan visual chaos dan cognitive overload yang mengganggu orientasi, mereduksi ritme fasad, menghomogenkan identitas kawasan, serta menggeser landmark publik oleh elemen komersial temporer. Temuan empiris dari wawancara mengungkap adanya benturan antara tiga logika utama: logika ekonomi pelaku usaha, logika kenyamanan publik, dan logika tata kelola pemerintah. Polusi visual ini tidak hanya berdampak estetis, tetapi menurunkan keterbacaan (legibility) dan daya citra (imageability) pada koridor. Temuan ini menegaskan relevansi teori Kevin Lynch dalam konteks kota dengan sense of place kontemporer dan memberikan dasar konseptual bagi penataan visual koridor jalan perkotaan yang berkelanjutan.
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