Perancangan Robot Pemotong Rumput Otomatis Dengan ESP32-CAM berbasis Internet of Things
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/jte.2026.v17i2.010Keywords:
Robot Pemotong Rumput, Internet of Things, ESP32-CAM, Blynk, Monitoring BateraiAbstract
Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk menghadirkan robot pemotong rumput otomatis berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang dapat dikendalikan dan dipantau secara jarak jauh melalui modul ESP32-CAM. Sistem dikembangkan untuk mempermudah proses pemeliharaan taman dengan tingkat efisiensi yang tinggi, mengurangi ketergantungan pada tenaga kerja manual, serta meningkatkan keselamatan pengguna melalui pengendalian berbasis aplikasi. Fitur pemantauan baterai secara real-time juga diintegrasikan guna memastikan robot beroperasi secara optimal sepanjang waktu.
Metode kerja sistem meliputi perancangan mekanik, elektrik, dan perangkat lunak. Modul ESP32-CAM berfungsi sebagai pusat kendali sekaligus kamera visual, sementara aplikasi Blynk digunakan sebagai antarmuka pengendalian jarak jauh. Navigasi mengandalkan sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 untuk mendeteksi hambatan, sedangkan Wemos D1 Mini bersama sensor INA219 digunakan untuk sistem monitoring baterai yang terhubung ke Google Spreadsheets. Pengujian dilakukan mencakup uji pemotongan rumput pada berbagai tinggi dan kelembapan, uji konektivitas WiFi, serta uji konsumsi daya baterai.
Hasil pengujian menunjukkan robot mampu memotong rumput setinggi ≤10 cm dengan efisiensi 95–98% dan waktu rata-rata 4–6 menit untuk area 2×2 meter. Pada tinggi rumput 15–20 cm, waktu meningkat hingga 8–10 menit dengan efisiensi 82–90%. Koneksi WiFi stabil hingga jarak 20 meter LOS dengan latensi rata-rata 0,35–0,46 detik, sedangkan pada kondisi non-LOS jarak 30 meter terjadi delay hingga 2,45 detik. Sistem monitoring baterai mencatat konsumsi daya rata-rata 14,25–15,01 W dengan sisa kapasitas baterai bertahan ±60 menit operasi.
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