Sistem Proteksi Aktif Berbasis Logika OR Perangkat Lunak Untuk Mencegah Overheat Dan Overcurrent Pada Power Amplifier Kelas D
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/jte.2026.v17i2.006Kata Kunci:
Arduino Nano, Data Logger, Hybrid Filtering, Power Amplifier, SistemAbstrak
Abstrak— Perangkat penguat daya audio (Power Amplifier) kelas D memiliki efisiensi tinggi namun rentan mengalami kerusakan fatal akibat panas berlebih (overheat) dan arus pendek (short circuit) pada beban speaker. Sistem proteksi konvensional yang mengandalkan sekring (fuse) dinilai memiliki respon lambat, bersifat pasif, dan tidak menyediakan data historis untuk analisis pasca-kegagalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem proteksi aktif yang cerdas dan informatif berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Nano. Sistem dirancang mengintegrasikan sensor LM35 untuk mendeteksi suhu heatsink dan sensor INA219 untuk memantau arus beban secara digital via protokol I2C. Untuk mengatasi fluktuasi sinyal sensor (noise), diterapkan metode hybrid filtering yang menggabungkan resistor pull-down 10kΩ pada perangkat keras dan algoritma Outlier Rejection pada perangkat lunak. Pengambilan keputusan pemutusan arus dilakukan menggunakan Gerbang Logika OR pada antarmuka Python. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem mampu memutus arus (cut-off) secara otomatis saat suhu heatsink melampaui 60°C atau arus beban melebihi 2.0 A. Berdasarkan hasil kalibrasi, sensor suhu LM35 memiliki rata-rata kesalahan (error) sebesar 0.35% dan sensor arus INA219 memiliki rata-rata kesalahan sebesar 1.29% dibandingkan alat ukur standar. Sistem proteksi ini terbukti efektif mencegah kerusakan komponen amplifier akibat panas berlebih dan lonjakan arus.Unduhan
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