Optimasi Proses Penjadwalan Mata Kuliah di Perguruan Tinggi : A Literature Review
Abstract
Penjadwalan mata kuliah yang efektif dan efisien di perguruan tinggi merupakan tantangan kompleks yang melibatkan banyak variabel dan kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi metode optimasi terbaik yang dapat digunakan dalam penjadwalan mata kuliah melalui analisis literatur. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dilakukan identifikasi dan review jurnal yang relevan dari tahun 2018 hingga 2023 melalui database seperti Publish or Perish dan Google Scholar. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa algoritma genetika merupakan metode yang paling sering digunakan dan terbukti efektif dalam menghasilkan solusi optimal untuk penjadwalan mata kuliah. Selain itu, metode optimasi lainnya seperti algoritma pewarnaan graf, algoritma meta-heuristik, dan optimasi gerombolan partikel juga digunakan dengan hasil yang signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan sistem penjadwalan otomatis dengan algoritma optimasi dapat mengurangi kesalahan, meningkatkan efisiensi, dan memperbaiki kualitas pengajaran di perguruan tinggi. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengembangkan model penjadwalan yang lebih kompleks dengan mempertimbangkan lebih banyak variabel dan kendala yang relevan.
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