Sistem Proteksi Aktif Berbasis Logika OR Perangkat Lunak Untuk Mencegah Overheat Dan Overcurrent Pada Power Amplifier Kelas D
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/jte.2026.v17i2.006Keywords:
Arduino Nano, Data Logger, Hybrid Filtering, Power Amplifier, SistemAbstract
Abstrak— Perangkat penguat daya audio (Power Amplifier) kelas D memiliki efisiensi tinggi namun rentan mengalami kerusakan fatal akibat panas berlebih (overheat) dan arus pendek (short circuit) pada beban speaker. Sistem proteksi konvensional yang mengandalkan sekring (fuse) dinilai memiliki respon lambat, bersifat pasif, dan tidak menyediakan data historis untuk analisis pasca-kegagalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem proteksi aktif yang cerdas dan informatif berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Nano. Sistem dirancang mengintegrasikan sensor LM35 untuk mendeteksi suhu heatsink dan sensor INA219 untuk memantau arus beban secara digital via protokol I2C. Untuk mengatasi fluktuasi sinyal sensor (noise), diterapkan metode hybrid filtering yang menggabungkan resistor pull-down 10kΩ pada perangkat keras dan algoritma Outlier Rejection pada perangkat lunak. Pengambilan keputusan pemutusan arus dilakukan menggunakan Gerbang Logika OR pada antarmuka Python. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem mampu memutus arus (cut-off) secara otomatis saat suhu heatsink melampaui 60°C atau arus beban melebihi 2.0 A. Berdasarkan hasil kalibrasi, sensor suhu LM35 memiliki rata-rata kesalahan (error) sebesar 0.35% dan sensor arus INA219 memiliki rata-rata kesalahan sebesar 1.29% dibandingkan alat ukur standar. Sistem proteksi ini terbukti efektif mencegah kerusakan komponen amplifier akibat panas berlebih dan lonjakan arus.Downloads
References
T. Prasetyo, "Desain Penguat Daya Audio dengan Sistem Proteksi
Terintegrasi Berbasis NodeMCU untuk Notifikasi Kerusakan Jarak Jauh,"
Jurnal Teknik dan Ilmu Komputer, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 210-218, Jan. 2025.
J. Iskandar dan H. Wijaya, "Optimasi Heat Sink dan Kipas Otomatis
Berbasis PWM untuk Mencegah Thermal Runaway pada Amplifier Transistor
Bipolar," Jurnal Energi dan Kelistrikan, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 55-63, Jan. 2024.
A. Z. Muttaqin, "Studi Komparasi Proteksi Speaker Menggunakan IC
UPC1237 dan Rangkaian Transistor Diskrit," Jurnal Elektronika Terapan, vol.
, no. 1, pp. 10-17, Mar. 2024.
D. Kurniawan, "Sistem Proteksi Tegangan Berlebih (Overvoltage) pada
Catu Daya Amplifier Menggunakan Zener Crowbar," Gema Teknologi, vol. 22,
no. 3, pp. 140-145, Okt. 2023.
Python Software Foundation, "Python 3.11.0 Documentation," 2023.
[Online]. Available: https://docs.python.org/3/.
M. F. Ramadhan dan S. Sukir, "Efektivitas Penggunaan Sekring Otomatis
(Circuit Breaker) Elektronik pada Penguat Daya Audio High-Fidelity," Jurnal
Pendidikan Teknik Elektro, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 115-122, Jun. 2022.
I. G. N. Putu dan M. Rusli, "Rancang Bangun Proteksi Hubung Singkat pada
Power Amplifier Mobil Menggunakan Komparator LM393," Jurnal Riset
Teknik Elektro, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 23-30, Feb. 2022.
B. Santoso, "Pengembangan Sistem Monitoring Suhu Power Amplifier
Kelas D Menggunakan Sensor MLX90614 Berbasis IoT," Jurnal Teknologi
Informasi dan Terapan (JTT), vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 88-94, Des. 2021.
F. Al-Farizi dan W. Sunanda, "Implementasi Relay Proteksi untuk
Menghindari Lonjakan Arus (Soft Start) pada Amplifier Daya Besar," dalam
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Penelitian dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat
(SNPP), Pangkalpinang, Indonesia, 2021, pp. 102-108.
R. Hidayat, M. Ibrahim, dan T. Ardiansyah, "Analisis Sistem Proteksi
Thermal dan DC Offset pada Power Amplifier OCL 150 Watt untuk Keamanan
Loudspeaker," Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektronika, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 12-19, Jan.
A. D. Prasetyo dan S. Muryanto, "Perancangan Sistem Proteksi Arus Lebih
pada Audio Power Amplifier Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno," Jurnal
Teknik Elektro dan Komputer (JTEK), vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 45-52, Jul. 2020.
Texas Instruments, "LM35 Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors
Datasheet," Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, 2017.
Texas Instruments, "TPA3116D2 2x50-W Class-D Stereo Amplifier
Family Datasheet," Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, 2016.
Texas Instruments, "INA219 Zero-Drift, Bidirectional Current/Power
Monitor Datasheet," Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, 2015.
M. Banzi and M. Shiloh, Getting Started with Arduino, 3rd ed. Sebastopol,
CA: Maker Media, Inc., 2014.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Teknologi Elektro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The copyright to this article is transferred to Universitas Mercu Buana (UMB) if and when the article is accepted for publication. The undersigned hereby transfers any and all rights in and to the paper including without limitation all copyrights to UMB. The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the paper is original and that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required. The undersigned represents that he/she has the power and authority to make and execute this assignment.
We declare that:
1. This paper has not been published in the same form elsewhere.
2. It will not be submitted anywhere else for publication prior to acceptance/rejection by this Journal.
3. A copyright permission is obtained for materials published elsewhere and which require this permission for reproduction.
Furthermore, I/We hereby transfer the unlimited rights of publication of the above mentioned paper in whole to UMB. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, microform, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.
The corresponding author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors. This agreement is to be signed by at least one of the authors who have obtained the assent of the co-author(s) where applicable. After submission of this agreement signed by the corresponding author, changes of authorship or in the order of the authors listed will not be accepted.
Retained Rights/Terms and Conditions
1. Authors retain all proprietary rights in any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in the Work.
2. Authors may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the Work or derivative works for the authors personal use or for company use, provided that the source and the UMB copyright notice are indicated, the copies are not used in any way that implies UMB endorsement of a product or service of any employer, and the copies themselves are not offered for sale.
3. Although authors are permitted to re-use all or portions of the Work in other works, this does not include granting third-party requests for reprinting, republishing, or other types of re-use.
