STUDY OF SOUND BEHAVIOR FROM AUDIAL EXPERIENCE IN TAMAN SARI YOGYAKARTA
Abstract
Taman Sari merupakan tempat peristirahatan Raja sekaligus tempat pertahanan yang dibangun pada masa Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I bertakhta. Kompleks yang terdiri dari beberapa bangunan heritage ini telah menjadi salah satu situs penting di Yogyakarta dalam hal menunjang pariwisata. Atmosfer dan suasana heritage yang ada di area Taman Sari menjadi daya tarik tersendiri yang dapat mendatangkan minat dari para wisatawan. Taman Sari memiliki identitas suara (soundmark) yang berimplikasi pada pengalaman pendengaran wisatawan, sekaligus mendukung suasana heritage yang ada. Saat ini, identitas suara yang ada di Taman Sari dinilai sudah lemah sehingga mengurangi suasana yang dirasakan oleh pengunjung. Penelitian ini membahas tentang identifikasi perilaku bunyi pada situs Taman Sari yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui letak sumber bunyi yang dapat mempengaruhi suasana pariwisata dalam aspek audial. Metode yang digunakan adalah simulasi gerakan suara dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Ecotect. Dimensi dan material pelingkup ruang disesuaikan dengan kondisi di lokasi dengan pemetaan jenis material dan lokasi dari identitas suara yang ada. Hasil simulasi perangkat lunak akan dianalisis dalam kaitannya dengan teori persebaran suara. Berdasarkan analisis, diketahui bahwa elemen lunak dan elemen keras mempengaruhi karakter perilaku suara di Taman Sari. Perilaku suara yang ditemukan di lokasi adalah pantulan suara yang sebagian menghasilkan gaung dan suara langsung yang dapat didengar oleh wisatawan di berbagai segmen. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menunjang pengalaman wisatawan di situs cagar budaya melalui peningkatan kualitas aspek audial kawasan.
Taman Sari is the resting place of the King as well as a place of defense that was built during the reign of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. The area, which consists of several heritage buildings, has become one of the important sites in Yogyakarta in terms of supporting city tourism. The heritage atmosphere in the Taman Sari area is a special attraction that can attract tourists' interest. Taman Sari has a soundmark that has implications for the hearing experience of tourists, as well as supports the heritage atmosphere. Currently, the soundmark in Taman Sari is considered weak, thereby reducing the atmosphere felt by visitors. This study discusses the identification of sound behavior on the Taman Sari site, which aims to determine the location of the sound source that can affect the tourism atmosphere in the audial aspect. The methodology was based on the simulation of sound movement using Ecotect software. The dimensions and materials of the space enclosure are adjusted to the conditions at the location by mapping the type of material and the location of the existing voice identity. The simulation results will be analyzed in relation to the theory of sound distribution. Based on the analysis, it is known that softscape and hardscape elements affect the character of voice behavior in Taman Sari. The sound behavior found at the location is the sound reflection which partially produces echoes and direct sounds that can be heard by tourists in various segments. The results of this study are expected to enhance the tourist experience at cultural heritage sites through improving the quality of the area's audial aspects.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Akinayo, O., Ayandokun, A. and Okah-Avae, O. U. (2007) A Write-up on the Propagation of Sound, its Travel Path, Travel Medium, and Behavior in the Mediums. Akure, Ondo State.
Ardika, I. G. (2019) Sustainable Tourism: Clear The Path Through Communities. Edited by N. Kuaranita and M. I. R. Asityasari. Jakarta: Kompas.
Borucka, J. (2015) ‘Sound art and Architecture: New Horizons for Architecture and Urbanism’, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, pp. 3903–3908. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1131.
Cross, J. E. (2001) ‘What is Sense of Place ?’, in Headwaters Conference, pp. 1–14.
Dinas Pariwisata Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (2019) Statistik Kepariwisataan 2019. Yogyakarta: Dinas Pariwisata Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.
Hashemnezhad H., H. A. K. & H. P. M. (2013) ‘Sense of Place” and “Place Attachment” ( A comparative study )’, International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development, 3(1), pp. 5–12.
Hu, M. and Chen, R. (2018) ‘A Framework for Understanding Sense of Place in an Urban Design Context’, Urban Science, 2(2), p. 34. doi: 10.3390/urbansci2020034.
Khotimah, K. and Wilopo, W. (2017) ‘Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata Budaya (Studi Kasus pada Kawasan Situs Trowulan sebagai Pariwisata Budaya Unggulan di Kabupaten Mojokerto)’, Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis S1 Universitas Brawijaya, 42(1), pp. 56–65.
Miller, N. (2013) ‘Understanding Soundscapes’, Buildings, 3, pp. 728–738. doi: 10.3390/buildings3040728.
Mitrayana and Cytasari, V. . (2014) ‘Pengukuran Frekuensi Bunyi Saron Demung Laras Pelog Gamelan Jawa Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak Visual Analyser’, Fisika Indonesia No 54, XVIII.
Noviandri, P. P. (2017) ‘Soundscape mapping in heritage area (Case Study: “Legi” Market, Kotagede, Yogyakarta, Indonesia)’, in Proceeding Wuicace The 1 st Warmadewa University International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering, pp. 275–282.
Noviandri, Patricia P and Sabono, F. (2018) ‘Adaptasi Bangunan Cagar Budaya Tamansari Yogyakarta Terhadap Perkembangan Jaman Melalui Soundscape’, in Seminar Ikatan Peneliti Lingkungan Binaan Indonesia (IPLBI). Makassar: Ikatan Peneliti Lingkungan Binaan Indonesia (IPLBI), pp. 78–86.
Noviandri, Patricia Pahlevi and Sabono, F. (2018) ‘Kajian Perubahan Ruang dan Soundmark Kawasan Wisata Pusaka Tamansari Yogyakarta’, Atrium, 4(1), pp. 11–22. Available at: http://library.ukdw.ac.id/atrium/index.php/atrium/article/view/96/40.
Schafer, R. M. (1994) The Soundscape : Our Sonic Environment and the Turning of the World. Rochester, Vermont: Destiny Books.
Trisnowati, E. (2017) ‘Analisis Frekuensi pada Gong Laras Slendro’, Indonesian Journal of Science and Education, 1(1), pp. 30–35.
Zhou, M. (2014a) ‘Research on Soundmark of City Soundscape’, in The 21st International Congress on Sound and Vibration, pp. 2013–2015.
Zhou, M. (2014b) ‘Research on Soundmarks of Soundscape at Historical District’, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 584–586, pp. 521–524. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.521.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2021.v10i3.001
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Vitruvian : Jurnal Arsitektur, Bangunan, dan Lingkungan
License URL: http://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/virtuvian/article/view/10299
Layout Jurnal Vitruvian: Download
Declaration & CTA Form Vitruvian: Download
(WAJIB DI UPLOAD SEBAGAI SUPLEMENTARY SAAT SUBMIT ARTIKEL)
Vitruvian
Program Studi Arsitektur
Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mercu Buana
Jl. Raya Meruya Selatan, Kembangan, Jakarta 11650
Tlp./Fax : +62215871335
Surel : [email protected]
p-ISSN : 2088-8201
e-ISSN : 2598-2982
Website : http://publikasi.mercubuana.ac.id/index.php/virtuvian
DOI : 10.22441/vitruvian
Vitruvian is indexed by the following abstracting and indexing services:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.