Perancangan Sistem Proteksi Fotovoltaik Menggunakan Piezoelectric Buzzer Dan Sensor Hujan Berbasis IoT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/jte.2026.v17i2.002Kata Kunci:
Energi Surya, Energi Terbarukan, Fotovoltaik, Piezoelectric Buzzer, Sensor Hujan, Sistem Proteksi Panel.Abstrak
Meningkatnya kebutuhan energi listrik di Indonesia yang sejalan dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan masyarakat menuntut pengembangan sumber energi alternatif yang berkelanjutan. Energi matahari melalui sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga surya merupakan salah satu solusi yang potensial karena ketersediaannya yang berlimpah dan bersifat ramah lingkungan. Namun demikian, kinerja sistem fotovoltaik dalam jangka panjang operasional sering mengalami degradasi akibat penurunan intensitas radiasi yang diterima panel, yang disebabkan oleh akumulasi debu polutan serta kotoran burung pada permukaan modul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan prototipe sistem proteksi fotovoltaik berbasis sensor piezoelektric dan sensor hujan yang mampu bekerja secara otomatis dan adaptif terhadap kondisi lingkungan. Sensor piezoelektric digunakan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan burung melalui respon getaran mekanis pada permukaan panel, sedangkan sensor hujan digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi cuaca dan mendukung proses pembersihan alami. Sistem kendali dirancang untuk mengaktifkan mekanisme proteksi dan pembersihan ketika gangguan terdeteksi, sehingga kebersihan permukaan panel dapat terjaga secara berkelanjutan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa prototipe mampu mendeteksi gangguan dan kondisi lingkungan dengan tingkat responsivitas yang baik serta beroperasi sesuai dengan parameter perancangan. Implementasi sistem ini berpotensi mempertahankan kinerja panel fotovoltaik dan meningkatkan efisiensi konversi energi surya. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi kontribusi dalam pengembangan teknologi proteksi panel surya serta mendukung optimalisasi pemanfaatan energi terbarukan di IndonesiaUnduhan
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