STUDI LITERATUR: PENGUKURAN BEBAN KERJA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/pasti.2021.v15i2.008Keywords:
Beban Kerja, Kapasitas Kerja, Pendekatan Fisiologis dan Psikologis, Intervensi ErgonomiAbstract
Setiap pekerjaan memiliki beban kerja, yang jumlahnya akan berbeda. Idealnya, beban kerja yang diterima oleh pekerja sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Sejumlah dampak buruk dapat terjadi jika beban pekerjaan telah melampaui kapasitas fisik dan mental yang dimiliki pekerja, diantaranya yaitu kelelahan kerja dan gangguan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melaksanakan studi literatur secara sistematis, untuk mengetahui metode pengukuran beban kerja serta intervensi perbaikan yang dilakukan. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur secara sistematis melalui basis data seperti Google scholar, Researchgate, Ripositori Indonesia-Neliti, serta referensi lainnya, dengan menggunakan kata kunci beban kerja dan intervensi ergonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pengukuran beban kerja fisik dengan pendekatan fisiologis diantaranya menggunakan pengukuran denyut nadi/jantung, %HRR, %CVL dan konsumsi oksigen. Sedangkan pengukuran beban kerja mental dengan pendekatan psikologis diantaranya menggunakan kuesioner SWAT dan NASA-TLX. Intervensi ergonomi dalam perbaikan kerja dapat menurunkan beban kerja. Terdapat celah penelitian mengembangkan pengukuran beban kerja secara real time pada bidang transportasi.
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