The Influence of Bank Risk and Third-party Funds on Bank Performance in South Korea’s Commercial Bank

Penulis

  • Muhammad Faruq Abdulhakim Magister Manajemen, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Indonesia
  • Vera Intanie Dewi Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Indonesia
  • Feby Astrid Kesaulya Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas, Indonesia
  • Chris Petra Agung Universitas Katolik parahyangan, Indonesia
  • Adam Hawari Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22441/jurnal_mix.2026.v16i2.017

Kata Kunci:

Bank performance, Bank Risk, Third-party fund, Efficiency.

Abstrak

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the effects of bank risks (credit, market, and operational risks) and third-party funds (TPF) on the performance of South Korean banks.
Methodology: This study employed a quantitative research method to achieve the research objectives. Panel data regression using a fixed-effects model was applied to examine the relationships between the variables. Secondary data were collected from the South Korean Financial Supervisory Service, covering 12 conventional commercial banks. The study period spans from December 2015 to December 2023.
Finding: The findings show that market risk, operational risk, and third-party funds significantly influence the profitability of South Korean commercial banks. Meanwhile, credit risk has no significant effect on bank performance.
Conclusion: Market risk, third-party funds (TPF), and operational risk are important determinants of bank performance. Effective risk management, consistent with Basel standards, can improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, and increase net profit. However, this study finds that credit risk has no significant effect on bank performance.

Biografi Penulis

Muhammad Faruq Abdulhakim, Magister Manajemen, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Magister Manajemen

Vera Intanie Dewi, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Magister Management

Feby Astrid Kesaulya, Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas

Program Doktor Ekonomi

Chris Petra Agung, Universitas Katolik parahyangan

Manajemen

Adam Hawari, Universitas Padjadjaran

Ekonomi

Referensi

Abdulhakim, M. F., Dewi, V. I., & Widyarini, M. (2024). The Impact of Income Diversification on the Performance of South Korea ’ s Commercial Bank. Accounting and Finance Studies, 4(4), 261–272.

Al-Rdaydeh, M., Hamouri, B., Aziz Abdul Rahman, A., Meero, A., & I. Tabash, M. (2022). Exploring the effect of market risks on bank profitability: Evidence from Jordan. Banks and Bank Systems, 17(1), 186–195. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.17(1).2022.16

Al-Shakrchy, E. J. (2017). The impact of credit risk managing on bank profitability an empirical study during the pre-and post-subprime mortgage crisis: The case of Swedish commercial banks. Journal of Business and Finance, 3(1), 31–42.

Allen, F., & Santomero, A. M. (1997). The Theory of Financial Intermediation. Journal of Banking & Finance, 21(11–12), 1461–1485. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(97)00032-0

Amimakmur, S. A., Saifi, M., Damayanti, C. R., & Hutahayan, B. (2024). Exploring the Nexus of Dividend Policy, Third-Party Funds, Financial Performance, and Company Value: The Role of IT Innovation as a Moderator. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(5), 1–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17050210

Arif, B., Priono, P. N., Suardy, W., & Azhar, Z. (2024). The Impact of Third Party Funds, Loan To Deposit Ratio And Capital Adequacy Ratio On Return On Assets. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 12(4), 1137–1146.

Baltensperger, E. (1980). Alternative Approaches to the Theory of the Banking Firm. Journal of Monetary Economics, 6(1), 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(80)90016-1

Barnes, S. (2023). Can Impending New Entrants Do Enough to Disrupt South Korea’s Banking Oligopoly? International Banker.

Berger, A. N., & DeYoung, R. (1997). Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 21(6), 849–870.

Berger, A. N., Molyneux, P., & Wilson, J. O. S. (2015). The Oxford handbook of banking.

Chand, S. A., Kumar, R. R., Stauvermann, P. J., & Shahbaz, M. (2024). Determinants of Bank Profitability—Do Institutions, Globalization, and Global Uncertainty Matter for Banks in Island Economies? The Case of Fiji. Risk and Financial Management, 17(218), 1–24.

Choi, Y. (2020). Digital Banks : Lessons from Korea (Issue 2).

Diamond, D. W. (1984). Financial Intermediation and Delegated Monitoring. The Review of Economic Studies, 51(3), 393. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297430

Duho, K. C. T., Onumah, J. M., Owodo, R. A., Asare, E. T., & Onumah, R. M. (2020). Bank risk, profit efficiency and profitability in a frontier market. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 36(4), 381–402. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-01-2019-0009

Ebenezer, O. O., Islam, A., Yusoff, W. S., & Shamsuddin, Z. (2018). An investigation into operational risk in commercial banks: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. International Journal of Accounting, 3(12), 49–62.

Fabozzi, F. J., Markowitz, H. M., & Gupta, F. (2008). Portfolio Selection. In In Handbook of finance.

Fadun, O. S., & Oye, D. (2020). Impacts of Operational Risk Management on Financial Performance: A Case of Commercial Banks in Nigeria. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, 9(1), 22–35.

Feng, Y., & Yu, X. (2020). The impact of institutions on financial development: Evidence from East Asian countries. Australian Economic Papers, 60(1), 122–137.

Freixas, X., & Rochet, C. (2023). Microeconomics of Banking (third edit). MIT Press.

Hamilton-hart, N., Yeung, H. W., In, F., & Asia, E. (2021). Review of International Political Economy Institutions under pressure : East Asian states , global markets and national firms. Review of International Political Economy, 28(1), 10–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2019.1702571

Heranita, & Zamzami, R. M. (2022). The Effect of Third Party Funds, Non-Performing Financing and Operating Expenses of Operating Income on Financial Performance (Empirical Study of Sharia Commercial Banks for Period 2016-2020). Cashflow: Current Advanced Research on Sharia Finance and Economic Worldwide, 1(4), 183–198.

Kim, E., Kim, M., & Kyung, Y. (2022). A Case Study of Digital Transformation : Focusing on the Financial Sector in South Korea and Overseas. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 32(3), 537–563. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14329/apjis.2022.32.3.537

Kim, J., Kim, M., & Kim, Y. (2020). Bank Transparency and the Market’s Perception of Bank Risk. Journal of Financial Services Research, 58, 115–142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10693-019-00323-7

Kwashie, A. A., Baidoo, S. T., & Ayesu, E. K. (2022). Investigating the impact of credit risk on financial performance of commercial banks in Ghana Investigating the impact of credit risk on financial performance of commercial banks in. Cogent Economics & Finance, 10(2109281), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2109281

Lim, H., & Mali, D. (2024). Does Market Performance ( Tobin ’ s Q ) Have A Negative Effect On Credit Ratings ? Evidence From South Korea. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, 31(1), 53–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10690-023-09406-x

Markowitz, H. (1952). “ Modern Portfolio Theory ”. Journal of Finance, 7(11), 77–91.

Markowitz, H. M. (1952). Portfolio Selection. The Journal of Finance, 7(1), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118267028.ch3

Park, J., Yoo, J. W., Cho, Y., & Park, H. (2024). Understanding switching intentions between traditional banks and Internet-only banks among Generation X and Generation Z. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 42(5), 1114–1141. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-06-2023-0338

Parlindungan, S., Dewi, V. I., Widyarini, M., Soei, C. T. L., & Candraningrat, I. R. (2024). Do Third-Party Funds and bank Risks affect the profitability of digital bank?: Indonesian Evidence. Jurnal Riset Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 17(2), 125–132.

Puspitasari, E., Sudiyatno, B., Hartoto, W., & Widati, L. W. (2021). Net Interest Margin and Return on Assets: A Case Study in Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(4), 727–734.

Pyle, D. H. (1971). On the Theory of Financial Intermediation. The Journal of Finance, 26(3), 737. https://doi.org/10.2307/2325957

Rahma, F., & Sutrisno. (2023). Banking Risk, Third-Party Fund And Performance: Cases of Conventional Bank in Indonesian Stock exchange. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, 12(2), 47–54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20525/IJFBS.V12I2.2759

Rahmi, P. P., Herlina, L., & Novitasary, S. (2022). Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (Car), Net Interest Margin (Nim), and Loan To Deposits Ratio (Ldr) on Return on Asset (Roa) in Pt Bank Negara Indonesia Persero Tbk Period of 2011-2021. Journal of Business and Management INABA (JBMI), 1(1), 45–63. https://doi.org/10.56956/jbmi.v1i1.36

Reserve Bank of Australia. (2023). Banks’ Funding Costs and Lending Rates. The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA).

Ross, S. A. (1977). The Determination of Financial Structure: The Incentive-Signalling Approach Stephen. The Bell Journal OfEconomics, 8(1), 23–40.

Rubinstein, M. (2002). Markowitz’s “Portfolio Selection”: A Fifty-Year Retrospective. The Journal of Finance, LVII(3), 1041–1045.

Saleh, I., & Afifa, M. A. (2020). Cogent Economics & Finance The effect of credit risk , liquidity risk and bank capital on bank profitability : Evidence from an emerging market The effect of credit risk , liquidity risk and bank capital on bank profitability : Evidence from an emerging market. Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2020.1814509

Scholtens, B., & van Wensveen, D. (2000). A Critique on the Theory of Financial Intermediation. Journal of Banking & Finance, 24(8), 1243–1251. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4266(99)00085-0

Sondakh, J. J., Tulung, J. E., & Karamoy, H. (2021). The effect of third-party funds, credit risk, market risk, and operational risk on profitability in banking. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 10(2), 179–185. https://doi.org/. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv10i2art15

Stulz, R. M. (2022). Rethinking Risk Management. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 34(1), 32–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/jacf.12486

Suseno, P., & Bamahriz, O. (2017). Examining the impact of bank’s risks to Islamic banks’ profitability. Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 9(October), 125–137. https://doi.org/10.20885/ejem.vol9.iss2.art2

Tamakloe, B. Von, Boateng, A., Mensah, E. T., & Maposa, D. (2023). Impact of Risk Management on the Performance of Commercial Banks in Ghana: A Panel Regression Approach. Risk and Financial Management, 16(322), 1–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16070322

Tangngisalu, J., Hasanuddin, R., Hala, Y., Nurlina, N., & Syahrul, S. (2020). Effect of CAR and NPL on ROA: Empirical study in Indonesia Banks. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO6.009

Twum, A. K., Agyemang, A. O., & Sare, Y. A. (2022). Revisiting credit risk and banks performance of China’s commercial banks before and after Covid 19 pandemic. Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, 33(3), 16–30. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22539

VanHoose, D. (2007). Theories of bank behavior under capital regulation. Journal of Banking & Finance, 31(12), 680–3697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2007.01.015

Witjaksono, A., & Natakusumah, J. K. (2021). Analysis of the Effect of Third Party Funds , Capital Adequacy Ratio , Non Performing Financing , Operational Expenses and Operational Income ( BOPO ) on the Profitability of Sharia Banks ( Evidence from Indonesia ). Proceedings of the 1st UMGESHIC International Seminar on Health, Social Science and Humanities (UMGESHIC-ISHSSH 2020), 585, 285–291.

Diterbitkan

2026-08-03

Cara Mengutip

Abdulhakim, M. F., Dewi, V. I., Kesaulya, F. A., Agung, C. P., & Hawari, A. (2026). The Influence of Bank Risk and Third-party Funds on Bank Performance in South Korea’s Commercial Bank. MIX: JURNAL ILMIAH MANAJEMEN, 16(2), 693–706. https://doi.org/10.22441/jurnal_mix.2026.v16i2.017

Artikel Serupa

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 > >> 

Anda juga bisa Mulai pencarian similarity tingkat lanjut untuk artikel ini.