Sustainable Tourism Practices and Strategies in Living Museum Management: A Meta-Synthesis Systematic Review

Tjokorda Gde Agung Wijaya Kesuma Suryawan; Gede Sri Darma; Agus Fredy Maradona

doi:10.22441/jurnal_mix.2025.v15i1.005

Sustainable Tourism Practices and Strategies in Living Museum Management: A Meta-Synthesis Systematic Review

Tjokorda Gde Agung Wijaya Kesuma Suryawan, Gede Sri Darma, Agus Fredy Maradona

Abstract

Objectives: This study explores sustainable tourism practices in living museum management, focusing on strategies that enhance visitor engagement while ensuring heritage preservation and contributing to sustainable development. It aims to identify key sustainability practices, their implementation, and outcomes, balancing visitor experience and cultural conservation.

Methodology: A meta-synthesis systematic review was conducted on empirical studies related to sustainable tourism in living museums. The analysis incorporated highly reputable, peer-reviewed literature to identify patterns, best practices, strategies, and challenges in sustainability, particularly regarding environmental, cultural, and economic dimensions of living museum management.

Finding: This study reveals that living museums effectively engage visitors through immersive experiences while advancing sustainable tourism. Key strategies include collaboration with local communities, cultural asset preservation, and environmentally responsible practices to minimise ecological impacts. Furthermore, a holistic approach integrating environmental, cultural, and economic sustainability strategies enhances their roles as heritage custodians and strengthens local development.

Conclusion: Living museums provide immersive cultural experiences while balancing heritage conservation and visitor engagement. Their commitment to sustainability, through cultural preservation, ecological responsibility, and economic viability, ensures long-term resilience and meaningful community participation. By integrating comprehensive strategies, these institutions reinforce their role as protectors of heritage and catalysts for sustainable regional development.

Keywords

Sustainable Tourism; Living Museums; Cultural Heritage; Museum Management; Visitor Engagement

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alnasser, N. S., & Yi, L. J. (2023). Strategies applied by different arts and cultural organizations for their audience development: A comparative review. Heliyon, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15835

Amrita, N. D. A., Mandiyasa, I. K. S., Suryawan, T. G. A. W. K., Handayani, M. M., Nugroho, M. A., Puspitarini, E. W., Haro, A., Purbaya, M. E., Rivai, D. R., Munizu, M., Saktisyahputra, Mustikadara, I. S., Syapudin, Kirniasari, I., Wibisono, L. K., & Judijanto, L. (2024).

DIGITAL MARKETING (Teori, Implementasi dan Masa Depan Digital Marketing) (Efitra, Ed.; 1st ed.). PT. Green Pustaka Indonesia. www.greenpustaka.com

Amrita, N. D. A., Suryawan, T. G. A. W. K., Idayanti, I. D. A. A. E., Putri, C. I. A. V. N., Suwastawa, I. P. A., Boari, Y., Daffa, F., & Judijanto, L. (2024). GREEN MARKETING (Dunia Baru dalam Dunia Marketing) (Y. Agusti, Ed.; 1st ed.). PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia. www.buku.sonpedia.com

Bernini, C., & Galli, F. (2023). Networking and spatial interactions: What contributes most to increasing museums’ attractiveness? Papers in Regional Science, 102(6), 1215–1232. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12764

Bertacchini, E. E., Dalle Nogare, C., & Scuderi, R. (2018). Ownership, organization structure and public service provision: the case of museums. Journal of Cultural Economics, 42(4), 619–643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10824-018-9321-9

Botti, A., & Baldi, G. (2024). Business model innovation and Industry 5.0: a possible integration in GLAM institutions. European Journal of Innovation Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-09-2023-0825

Bowling, A. (2002). Research Methods in Health (2nd ed.). Open University Press.

Cellini, R., Cuccia, T., Ferrante, L., & Lisi, D. (2024). The Quality of Regional Institutional Context and Museum Service Provision: Evidence from Italy. Italian Economic Journal, 10(1), 155–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40797-023-00222-w

Cesário, V., Freitas, J., & Campos, P. (2023). Empowering cultural heritage professionals: designing interactive exhibitions with authoring tools. Museum Management and Curatorship. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2023.2209896

Choi, B., & Kim, J. (2021). Changes and challenges in museum management after the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020148

Clements, J. (2024). Private art museums and their local creative communities: A case study of Mona. City, Culture and Society, 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2023.100565

Corona, L. (2023). Digitization for the visibility of collections. Collection and Curation, 42(3), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1108/CC-06-2022-0024

Corona, L. (2024). Stored collections of museums: an overview of how visible storage makes them accessible. Collection and Curation. https://doi.org/10.1108/CC-06-2023-0020

Derda, I. (2023). Museum exhibition co-creation in the age of data: Emerging design strategy for enhanced visitor engagement. Convergence. https://doi.org/10.1177/13548565231174597

Dirgantoro, B. P., & Martinez, J. J. L. (2016). Extending Information On Museum Artefacts Through Augmented Reality: Indonesian National Museum Case. Journal of Game, Game Art and Gamification, 01(01), 7–13.

El Sheikh, S. A. H. (2020). Factors affecting pre-visit destination image: application on the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM). Journal of Humanities and Applied Social Sciences, 2(3), 215–234. https://doi.org/10.1108/jhass-11-2019-0075

Elnaggar, A., Said, M., Kraševec, I., Said, A., Grau-Bove, J., & Moubarak, H. (2024). Risk analysis for preventive conservation of heritage collections in Mediterranean museums: case study of the museum of fine arts in Alexandria (Egypt). Heritage Science, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-024-01170-z

Florido-Benítez, L. (2023). The location of airport an added value to improve the number of visitors at US museums. Case Studies on Transport Policy, 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2023.100961

Furferi, R., Di Angelo, L., Bertini, M., Mazzanti, P., De Vecchis, K., & Biffi, M. (2024). Enhancing traditional museum fruition: current state and emerging tendencies. Heritage Science, 12(1), 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-024-01139-y

Gao, B., & Yu, S. (2024). Upgrading museum experience: Insights into offline visitor perceptions through social media trends. Emerging Trends in Drugs, Addictions, and Health, 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2023.100137

Gonsales, F. I. (2021). Social marketing for museums: an introduction to social marketing for the arts and culture sector. RAUSP Management Journal, 56(3), 314–333. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-08-2020-0194

Hafidz, Q., & Sharma, M. (2022). Understanding the Potential of Indonesian Museums. Jurnal AKSI (Akuntansi Dan Sistem Informasi), 7(2). https://doi.org/10.32486/aksi.v7i2.413

Hansson, P., & Öhman, J. (2022). Museum education and sustainable development: A public pedagogy. European Educational Research Journal, 21(3), 469–483. https://doi.org/10.1177/14749041211056443

Ikasari, H. (2021). Strategies to Improve the Attractiveness of Sam Poo Kong Temple As Cultural Tourism Site of Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies, 9(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jitode.2021.009.01.01

Istvandity, L., Baker, S., & Long, P. (2024). Creative futures for cultural heritage: a typology of creative practice in the GLAM sector – towards a creative heritage approach. Museum Management and Curatorship, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2024.2331444

James-Williamson, S. A., Dolphy, J. E., & Parker, S. Y. (2024). Absence heritage: A critical analysis for awareness, preservation and resilience. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 12(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2023.12.001

Kaplun, D., Romanov, S., Ipalakova, M., Daineko, Y., Bolatov, Z., & Tsoy, D. (2024). Application of immersive technology in a museum. Procedia Computer Science, 231, 385–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2023.12.222

Kim, D. S., Lee, J. Y., Chun, B. S., Hwang, G. Y., Paek, W. K., & Byun, B. K. (2021). SMEP (Science Museum Exhibition Platform) for Sharing and exchange system of natural history collection. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, 14(3), 299–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2021.07.003

King, E., Smith, M. P., Wilson, P. F., Stott, J., & Williams, M. A. (2023). Creating Meaningful Museums: A Model for Museum Exhibition User Experience. Visitor Studies, 26(1), 59–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/10645578.2022.2129944

Kłudkiewicz, K. (2021). Regional identity and national identity. Provincial museums in Prussia at the turn of the twentieth century. Museum History Journal, 14(1–2), 51–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/19369816.2021.1990594

Koval, V., Arsawan, I. W. E., Suryantini, N. P. S., Kovbasenko, S., Fisunenko, N., & Aloshyna, T. (2022). Circular Economy and Sustainability-Oriented Innovation: Conceptual Framework and Energy Future Avenue. Energies, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010243

Lavy, B. L., Zavar, E., & Tamima, S. (2023). Heritage as businesses: COVID-19 disruptions to Texas museums, heritage sites, parks, and protected places and their responses to evolving guidance. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 11(4), 652–668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2023.11.004

Luo, D., Doucé, L., & Nys, K. (2024). Multisensory museum experience: an integrative view and future research directions. Museum Management and Curatorship. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2024.2357071

Magliacani, M., & Sorrentino, D. (2021). Embedding sustainability dimensions in university collections management: a “scientific journey” into a natural history museum. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 11(4), 395–410. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-03-2020-0044

Mardiani, E., & Iswahyudi, M. S. (2023). Mapping the Landscape of Artificial Intelligence Research: A Bibliometric Approach. West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, 01(08), 606–618.

McCabe, S. (2024). Theory in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 104. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2023.103721

McCarthy, B., Trace, A., O’Donovan, M., Brady-Nevin, C., Murphy, M., O’Shea, M., & O’Regan, P. (2018). Nursing and midwifery students’ stress and coping during their undergraduate education programmes: An integrative review. Nurse Education Today, 61, 197–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2017.11.029

Medina-Chavarria, M. E., Gutiérrez, A., & Saladié, Ò. (2024). Managing visitor flows in protected areas in a context of changing mobilities: An analysis of challenges, responses, and learned lessons during the pandemic in Tarragona Province (Spain). International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 12(1), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2024.01.005

Movahed, A. B., Aliahmadi, A., Parsanejad, M., & Nozari, H. (2023). A systematic review of collaboration in supply chain 4.0 with meta-synthesis method. Supply Chain Analytics, 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100052

Nguyen, L. (2021). Factors Influencing Museum Visits: An Empirical Study in Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(8), 217–227. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no8.0217

Ning, Y., & Sufang, L. (2024). Research on Strategies for the Integrated Development of Culture and Tourism in Hezhou City under the Background of High-Quality Tourism Development. Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.25236/AJHSS.2024.070125

Olivares, A., & Piatak, J. (2022). Exhibiting Inclusion: An Examination of Race, Ethnicity, and Museum Participation. Voluntas, 33(1), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-021-00322-0

Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. In The BMJ (Vol. 372). BMJ Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71

Pennings, M. (2015). Art Museums and the Global Tourist: Experience Centers in Experience scapes. Athens Journal of Tourism, 2(4), 209–221. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.2-4-1

Riva, P., & Agostino, D. (2022). Latent dimensions of museum experience: assessing cross-cultural perspectives of visitors from tripadvisor reviews. Museum Management and Curatorship, 37(6), 616–640. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2022.2073560

Roche, J., Barber, G. L., Batlle, M., Bell, L., Hulm, E. M., Lynch, E., Martin, I., McDwyer, E., McLoone, F., Mu, M., Neenan, E. E., & Ryan, C. (2022). Academic writing in museums. Museum Management and Curatorship, 37(5), 555–560. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2021.1961819

Russo-Spena, T., Tregua, M., D’Auria, A., & Bifulco, F. (2022). A digital business model: an illustrated framework from the cultural heritage business. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 28(8), 2000–2023. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2021-0088

Scheyvens, R., Carr, A., Movono, A., Hughes, E., Higgins-Desbiolles, F., & Mika, J. P. (2021). Indigenous tourism and the sustainable development goals. Annals of Tourism Research, 90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103260

Shaby, N., Peleg, R., & Coombs, I. (2024). Participatory Research with Museum Practitioners: A reflection on the process. Research in Science Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-024-10167-4

Siegel, L. A., Tussyadiah, I., & Scarles, C. (2023). Exploring behaviors of social media-induced tourists and the use of behavioral interventions as salient destination response strategy. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2023.100765

Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039

Song, Y., Gilardi, F., & Lam, C. (2024). Building culturally sustainable communities. Community museums and transmedia storytelling. Museum Management and Curatorship, 39(1), 2–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2023.2209868

Specht, I., & Loreit, F. (2021). Empirical Knowledge About Person-Led Guided Tours in Museums: A Scoping Review. Journal of Interpretation Research, 26(2), 96–130. https://doi.org/10.1177/10925872211065653

Sumardi, R., Mahomed, A., & Najib, M. (2021, May 19). Sustainable Tourism Recommendations: Systematic Literature Review. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.14-9-2020.2304433

Suryawan, T. G. A. W. K., Meryawan, I. W., Sumerta, I. K., & Idayanti, I. D. A. A. E. (2024). The Mediating Role of Positive Emotion in the Nexus of Marketing Strategies and Sustainable Marine Tourism: Study on Coral Reef Conservation Area at Mengiat Beach, Bali. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(5). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59141/jist.v5i5.1056

Suryawan, T. G. A. W. K., Putri, C. I. A. V. N., Geriadi, M. A. D., Dwijayanthi, A. A. I., & Miranti, R. (2024). Tri Hita Karana for environmental resilience: Enhancing coral reef conservation and sustainable practices in Mengiat Beach Bali. Journal of Community Service and Empowerment, 5(1), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.22219/jcse.v5i1.29858

Suryawan, T. G. A. W. K., Sumerta, I. K., Vatara, I. G. A., & Abdullah, S. (2022). The Impact of Online Reviews and Ratings toward Shopee’s Customer Purchase Intention in Gianyar Regency. JBTI : Jurnal Bisnis : Teori Dan Implementasi, 13(3), 176–192. https://doi.org/10.18196/jbti.v13i3.16655

Suryawan, T. G. A. W. K., Sumerta, I. K., Widiantari, A. P. S., & Abdullah, S. (2023). How Product Review, Price and Ease of Transaction Affect Online Purchase Decision: Study of Bukalapak Users in Gelgel Village, Bali. JBTI : Jurnal Bisnis : Teori Dan Implementasi, 14(1), 287–305. https://doi.org/10.18196/jbti.v14i1.18463

Tsakoumaki, M. C., Lala, D. M., Tsaroucha, A., & Psalti, A. (2023). Advanced Digitization Methods for the Protection and Dissemination of Cultural Heritage towards Digital transformation: The Archaeological Museum of Delphi. Procedia CIRP, 118, 1056–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.06.181

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2024). Sustainable Development: The 17 Goals. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. https://sdgs.un.org/goals

Varutti, M. (2023). The affective turn in museums and the rise of affective curatorship. Museum Management and Curatorship, 38(1), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2022.2132993

Varutti, M. (2024). Awe in the museum: casting light on the role of the curator. Museum Management and Curatorship. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2024.2331442

Wallis, N., & Noble, K. (2023). The slow museum: the affordances of a university art museum as a nurturing and caring space for young children and their families. Museum Management and Curatorship. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2023.2269145

Wang, Z., & Meng, J. (2023). Dialogues with cultural heritage via museum digitalisation: developing a model of visitors’ cognitive identity, technological agent, cultural symbolism, and public engagement. Museum Management and Curatorship. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2023.2269164

Wen, J., & Ma, B. (2024). Enhancing museum experience through deep learning and multimedia technology. Heliyon, e32706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32706

Yang, Y., Liu, S., & Song, X. (2023). The Co-creation of Museum Experience Value From the Perspective of Visitor Motivation. SAGE Open, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231202118

Yudhanto, Y., Pratisto, E. H., Purnomo, F. A., Hidayat, T. N., Haqimi, N. A., & Ardhi, O. D. W. (2024). Design and Development Museum Ticketing System (MTS) with Design Thinking Method. Procedia Computer Science, 234, 1212–1219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.03.117

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jurnal_mix.2025.v15i1.005